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Weekly Report 4|94 10.29.22-11.4.22
Highlights
The Central Committee issued a resolution on comprehensively understanding, studying, and implementing the spirit of the 20th Party Congress. (See Senior Leaders section)
People’s Daily’s Commentary Department began a series of commentaries discussing “Chinese-style modernization,” which Xi described as the main means of achieving national rejuvenation in his speech to the 20th Party Congress. (See Propaganda Work section)
The Central Military Commission issued new Opinions introducing “higher-standard, more strict requirements” for the implementation of its Chairman Responsibility System. (See Central Military Commission section)
Senior Leaders
Central Committee Resolution to Earnestly Study, Publicize, and Implement the Spirit of the 20th Party Congress
10.31 The Central Committee issued a resolution on comprehensively understanding, studying, and implementing the spirit of the 20th Party Congress. The resolution emphasized how under the Party’s leadership there has been an effective response to “large risks and challenges” in the international environment and that it is necessary to further promote Chinese-style modernization (中国式现代化) to advance the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. The resolution attributed recent achievements by the Party to Xi’s core status and the “guiding position” (指导地位) of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for the New Era and lauded the “two establishes'' (两个确立) as a “major political achievement.” It emphasized Xi Jinping’s position as the “core” of the Central Committee and Party and the importance of maintaining the unified and centralized leadership of the Central Committee. It proceeded to assert the importance of the continued sinicization of Marxism, and emphasized that the “central task” of the Party is to lead the entire country to comprehensively construct a strong, modernized socialist country. The resolution emphasized that China is entering a period of concurrent opportunities and risks, and that the risk of “gray rhino” (灰犀牛) and “black swan” (黑天鹅) events is ever-increasing. Thus, it is important to be prepared for “wind” and “rain” and remain committed to a people-centered development strategy (人民为中心的发展思想), reform and opening up (改革开放), spurring the “spirit of struggle” (斗争精神), and firmly grasping the future of China’s development in “our own hands.” It then described the characteristics and goals of “Chinese-style modernization,” calling for these to be incorporated into all aspects of work. Next, it stressed “economic construction” and “completely, accurately, and comprehensively implementing the new development concept and accelerating the construction of a new development pattern (新发展格局).” Furthermore, it is important to promote “high-quality development” and establish a system comprising a socialist market economy. It referenced the development of “whole-process people’s democracy” (全过程人民民主), the advancement of “common prosperity” (共同富裕) and improving the construction of an “ecological civilization.” The resolution then summarized the 20th Party Congress Report’s content on education and talent work, governance by law (法治), and national security and called for its implementation.
Next, it discussed the importance of important “deployments” in national defense, military construction, Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan, and diplomatic work. It emphasized accelerating the construction of a “world-class military” (世界一流军队). It further stated the importance of “adhering to and improving the model of ‘One Country, Two Systems” (一国两制), and implementing the principles of “patriots governing Hong Kong” (爱国者治港) and “patriots governing Macao” (爱国者治澳). The resolution stressed adhering to the Party’s overall strategy for resolving the Taiwan issue in the new era in addition to the “one-China principle” (一个中国原则) and the “1992 consensus” (九二共识). On diplomatic work, it emphasized building a “community of shared future” (人类命运共同体), maintaining an “independent and peaceful foreign policy” (自主的和平外交政策) and continued adherence to the “five principles of peaceful coexistence” (和平共处五项原则). The resolution emphasized several steps that should be undertaken to promote the spirit of the 20th Party Congress. This included hosting more seminars and classes for cadres in addition to more publicity and propaganda activities. The resolution, for example, emphasized wider utilization of the “Guide Book to the 20th Party Congress Report” (党的二十大报告辅导读本) among other materials and noted how the Central Committee will organize groups to promote the “spirit” of the Party Congress in provinces and cities across the country.
Ding Xuexiang: Unite in Struggle to Comprehensively Promote the Great Rejuvenation of the Chinese Nation
11.2 Politburo Standing Committee Member and Central Committee General Office Director Ding Xuexiang (丁薛祥) published an article in People’s Daily calling on the people of China to unite in struggle to comprehensively promote the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. He structured his article using five key themes: First, unity in struggle is a significant spiritual symbol of the CCP and the Chinese people. He cited familiar maxims demonstrating this, such as “there is strength in numbers” (人多力量大) and “a people united can move mountains” (人心齐，泰山移). He stated that the Chinese people have “built a unified, multi-ethnic country through unity in struggle” over their long history. Ding declared that in modern times, in the face of the “humiliation of the country, the suffering of the people, and the devastation of civilization,” the Chinese people have “resolutely fought against internal and external aggression through solidarity and struggle.” He highlighted key struggles and victories that the CCP won in the 50 years prior to the founding of the PRC, and noted that since the 18th Party Congress, Xi Jinping has continually emphasized united struggle. Ding then declared that the CCP’s fundamental purpose is to “serve the people wholeheartedly, representing the fundamental interests of the vast majority of the Chinese people, without any special interests of its own, and never representing the interests of any interest group, any powerful group, or any privileged class. Second, “in order to comprehensively promote the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, we must continue to work hard in unity.” Ding described the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation as a “relay run by communist party members,” in which several generations of party members united and led the people to “forge ahead and hand in an excellent answer to history.” He stated that the unity of the Party today leads to the people to “embark on a new road to take the exam,” but “we must soberly see that ‘the last leg of the journey only marks the halfway point’ (行百里者半九十); the closer we are to the goal, the more strenuous the journey is, and the more careful we must be.” He cautioned that any “complacency, war-weary paralyzed thoughts, or slack behavior” may lead to “failure when on the verge of success” (功败垂成).
Third, “the root of unity in struggle lies in unifying will and action with Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era.” Ding called for using scientific theory to unify will and action in order to comprehensively promote the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation (中华民族伟大复兴). He stated that Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era “answered the fundamental question of what flag to hold and what path to take in the new era,” and with it as a banner, the entire Party and people of all ethnic groups in China will have a “fundamental adherence in ideology and action, and unity in struggle will have an ideological foundation and correct direction.” Fourth, “consolidate and strengthen unity in all aspects, and form a vivid situation in which the whole Party and the whole society think and work together.” He declared that as long as the whole Party is in unity, “we can be invincible and overcome all difficulties, obstacles, and powerful enemies; otherwise, the cause of the Party and the country will suffer setbacks.” Ding noted that party unity is “first and foremost political unity,” and so it is necessary to “deeply understand the decisive significance of the ‘two establishes’ (两个确立), more firmly and consciously achieve the ‘two defends’ (两个维护), and always maintain a high degree of consistency with the Central Committee with Xi Jinping as the core in terms of political position, direction, principles, and path.” He called for consolidating and strengthening the “great unity of Chinese sons and daughters at home and abroad,” and declared that the “broadest united front is an important ‘magic weapon’ (法宝)” for the Party to overcome the enemy and for the Party to govern and rejuvenate the country.
Fifth, “inspire the majestic force of unity and struggle in “daring to struggle and being good at struggling” (敢于斗争、善于斗争; one of the “three musts” (三个务必)).” Ding said the unity pursued by the Party must “uphold the truth, correct mistakes, have the courage to fight against all kinds of wrong words and deeds, and consolidate and strengthen unity in struggle.” He stated that the Party’s road of struggle is full of hardships, and so it must rely on struggle to inspire ambition, courage, and pride, and continue to overcome various difficulties and challenges until it achieves victory. Ding emphasized being good at grasping the main contradictions, grasping the overall situation, distinguishing priorities, and grasping the timing, degree, and effect of the struggle. He further emphasized adhering to rationality, benefit, and restraint, “not giving an inch on issues of principle,” applying the formula of “unity-criticism-unity” (团结—批评—团结), and using the methods of discussion, criticism, and reasoning to resolve issues. Ding called for party members and cadres to undergo “strict ideological tempering, political experience, practical training, and professional training,” as an “ant on a hot pot” (热锅上的蚂蚁) who practiced courage, sharpened his will, strengthened his abilities, and promoted unity in struggle, can “truly become a backbone who can shoulder the important task of national rejuvenation, and continuously create new achievements in unity and struggle with his excellent fighting skills.”
Xi Jinping’s Remarks at the Opening Ceremony of the China International Import Expo
11.4 Through a video recording, Xi Jinping issued remarks at the opening ceremony of the China International Import Expo (中国国际进口博览会) in Shanghai. After praising the expo as a “window” for China’s construction of a “new development pattern” (新发展格局), Xi emphasized the importance of openness to human civilization and global development. He noted that amid “changes unseen in a century,” economic recovery is still insufficient, and China would continue using openness to promote economic globalization, strengthen all countries’ energy for development, and ensure that the benefits of development are more fairly enjoyed by all people. Xi noted that the 20th Party Congress had emphasized that China would persist in a policy and strategy of mutually beneficial international openness, persist in economic globalization, strengthen the mutual interaction of international and domestic market resources, provide opportunities for the international economy, and promote an open type of world economy. Xi stated that China would promote opportunities in the Chinese market for all countries, such as by “optimizing” trade, establishing mechanisms and areas serving trade, innovation, and development, and promoting the Belt and Road Initiative (一带一路). He stated that China would promote more “systemic” opportunities, such as by expanding the openness of rules and standards and continuing to develop various business and trade zones. Finally, he said that China would promote opportunities to deepen international cooperation, such as through greater participation in discussions on reforming the World Trade Organization and supporting developing countries.
Propaganda Work
Qiushi Editorial: Writing a More Brilliant Chapter for Socialism with Chinese Characteristics in the New Era
11.1 Qiushi published an editorial (社论) on “writing a more brilliant chapter” for socialism with Chinese characteristics in the “new era.” The editorial stated that “the world’s largest Marxist Party” is currently “overflowing with confidence.” It discussed how the 20th Party Congress “raised the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics high” and emphasized the “comprehensive implementation of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for the New Era.” The editorial stressed “bravely marching forward” to “comprehensively construct a strong, modernized socialist country” and to “fully promote the united struggle (团结奋斗)” to realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. The editorial proceeded to extoll the 20th Party Congress Report and asserted that it constitutes a “programmatic document” (纲领性文献) of Marxism. It stated that the report reflects “painstaking” effort on the part of Xi Jinping, and that it includes “many important thoughts, views, arguments, and measures” proposed by Xi Jinping himself. The editorial emphasized that under the leadership of the Central Committee with Xi Jinping as the core, the Party has been able to overcome challenges related to “politics, economics, ideology, and the natural world.” It emphasized the importance of realizing that national rejuvenation has entered an “irreversible historical process (历史进程).” The editorial stated that over the past ten years, the Party has achieved three key objectives. This includes “ushering in” the hundredth anniversary of the Party, socialism with Chinese characteristics entering a new era, and achieving “poverty alleviation” in addition to the “historical task” of constructing a “moderately prosperous society.” The article proceeded to laud the “two establishes” (两个确立) as a “major political achievement” and emphasized the importance of “deeply comprehending” its “decisive significance” in addition to strengthening the “four consciousnesses” (四个意识), consolidating the “four confidences” (四个自信), and achieving the “two defends” (两个维护). The editorial emphasized that the next five years is a “critical period” for the construction of a modernized socialist country. It stressed the need to continue espousing a “people-centered development concept” (人民为中心的发展思想), continue adherence to “reform and opening” (改革开放), and continue “spurring the spirit of struggle (发扬斗争)” to enable progress in China’s development to be controlled “in our own hands.”
People’s Daily Commentary Department: Deeply Understand the Chinese Characteristics and Essential Requirements of Chinese-Style Modernization
People’s Daily’s Commentary Department began a series of commentaries discussing “Chinese-style modernization” (中国式现代化), which Xi described as the main means of achieving national rejuvenation in his speech to the 20th Party Congress.
3 November’s commentary, “Successful Promotion and Expansion of Chinese-Style Modernization,” discussed the past successes of China’s modernization. It stressed that successful rejuvenation depends on a nation (民族) finding its own suitable path, and that readers should study “the spirit of the 20th Party Congress” and both past and current theoretical writings on “Chinese-style modernization.” The commentary then explained that the suitability of a modernization path depended on whether it suits “national conditions” (国情), meets current development trends, provides socioeconomic benefits, wins popular support, and contributes to all humankind. It praised China’s“historic accomplishments” in the last ten years of the “new era” to this end, ranging from economic development and healthcare reforms to ecological restoration and increasing China’s international influence. It then emphasized that no one model of modernization suits all countries, that China’s Party-led model is based on aspects of China’s national conditions and ideals, and that Chinese modernization incorporates varied topics such as politics, society, and “spiritual civilization.” The commentary claimed that China offers a “new form of human civilization” and a “new choice” for modernization superior to the traditional Western capitalist model. The commentary stated that “a large developing country with vast territory, a large population, and major regional differences” will face different pressures and challenges than other countries during modernization. Explaining that China is now in an era where “strategic opportunity” coexists with many risks and challenges, the commentary stressed that it is more important than ever for China to remain true to its path, rather than closing itself off to the world or “changing its flag.”
4 November’s commentary, “This is Modernization at the Scale of an Immense Population,” discussed China’s large population as one of the five main characteristics of “Chinese-style modernization” referenced by Xi Jinping in the 20th Party Congress Report. The commentary praised “the Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as the core” for leading this large population to win “the largest-scale anti-poverty campaign in human history” and achieve moderate prosperity, increasing the Chinese people’s confidence, strength, and self-sufficiency for the “new journey” of establishing a modernized socialist nation. It then discussed the unique challenges of modernization for such a large population, saying that this scale of modernization was unprecedented and would have global significance. The commentary said China’s modernization would focus on, depend on, and benefit the people, emphasizing that it would put the people above all else and ensure that the fruits of modernization more fairly benefit everyone. It cited examples from the past ten years, such as improvements to education, stable employment, income, social insurance, and healthcare, as a demonstration of how the Party-state focuses on the people’s wellbeing and how all of China’s population will share in better opportunities. The commentary then stressed that China’s large population is both a challenge and an asset, and will offer many advantages to the promotion of national rejuvenation.
Party Discipline
Firmly, Unswervingly, and Comprehensively Govern the Party
10.31 Former head of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection and Politburo Standing Committee Member Zhao Leji (赵乐际) authored an article in People’s Daily on the spirit of the 20th Party Congress. First, Zhao emphasized the importance of comprehensive and strict governance of the Party. He emphasized safeguarding the “basic requirements” of the “original mission of the Party” and asserted that the Party is the “vanguard” (先锋队) of China’s working class, its people, and the entire nation. He emphasized that the Party represents the “basic interest” of the overwhelming majority of Chinese people and that there must be no special interests whatsoever that influence party decision-making. Zhao proceeded to emphasize the necessity of “consolidating the Party’s long-term governance position.” He noted that going into the new era, there are a series of long-term challenges and problems that have appeared, particularly challenges related to the “faltering of, blurriness in, and dilution of the Party’s leadership,” an environment in which privilege still dominates, the problem of the “four forms” (四风), and “shocking” (触目惊心) corruption. Zhao emphasized that the 20th Party Congress made a series of “courageous choices” (果敢抉择) to mitigate such challenges. Zhao highlighted that by “not deviating from deepening and advancing comprehensive and strict party governance,” the country and Party’s “long-term stability and security can be ensured.” Second, Zhao emphasized the importance of properly governing the Party itself. He emphasized that it is necessary to “deeply comprehend the decisive significance of the ‘two establishments’ (两个确立) strengthen the ‘four consciousnesses’ (四个意识), consolidate the ‘four confidences’ (四个自信) and achieve the ‘two defends’ (两个维护).” He further noted the importance of ensuring the authority and centralized leadership of the Central Committee. Zhao also emphasized ideological Party-building efforts and not deviating from the “spirit” of implementing the Central Eight Regulations (中央八项规定). Zhao stated the importance of “not daring to be corrupt, being unable to engage in corruption, and not wanting to be corrupt” (不敢腐、不能腐、不想腐)” when asserting that corruption constitutes the “biggest cancer” (最大毒瘤) damaging the life and fighting “force” of the Party. Zhao asserted that it is necessary to use political, disciplinary, and legal measures to fight corruption and eliminate “serious hidden dangers” (严重隐患) in the Party, country, and military. Zhao proceeded to emphasize the importance of discipline and supervision in addition to the need to deepen “political inspections” (政治巡视). He stated that those engaged in “underworld” corruption should be punished. Next, Zhao emphasized that policies related to “rural revitalization” (乡村振兴) and “common prosperity” (共同富裕) should be implemented. Zhao extolled the “two establishments” (两个确立) as the “greatest political achievement” of the new era and emphasized the importance of uniting around the Central Committee with Xi Jinping as the “core.”
Third, Zhao outlined multiple actions the Party should undertake to further promote strict and comprehensive party governance. This includes adhering to and strengthening the Central Committee’s unified leadership. Zhao stated that it is necessary to “improve political judgment (政治判断力), political perception (政治领悟力), and political administration (政治执行力)” and “comprehensively advance important principles” that are necessary for Chinese-style modernization (中国式现代化). He emphasized the use of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism for a New Era in ideological work in addition to improving the system of “self-revolution” (自我革命) and supervision capabilities. Next, Zhao discussed the importance of bolstering the political and organizational capabilities of the Party and improving the discipline and conduct of cadres. Lastly, he discussed the need to “emerge victorious” in the battle against corruption and stated that there is a need to deepen supervision over leading cadres, in addition to their relatives, spouses, and staff to ensure the absence of corrupt influence.
The Central Commission for Discipline Inspection’s Notice on Earnestly Studying, Publicizing, and Implementing the Spirit of the 20th Party Congress
11.2 The Central Commission for Discipline Inspection (CCDI) issued a Notice (通知) on studying and implementing the 20th Party Congress in accordance with the Central Committee’s resolution on the same (see Senior Leaders section). The Notice stressed the significance of the 20th Party Congress and several of its key documents and events, such as the election of the new leadership collective, the 20th Party Congress Report, and amendments to the party constitution. The Notice then claimed that the most basic action to study, publicize, and implement the spirit of the Congress was to firmly support the “two establishes” (两个确立) and achieve the “two defends” (两个维护), calling on the CCDI do so. It then called on the CCDI to understand the theories and decisions put forth in the 20th Party Congress, such as the tasks of using Chinese-style modernization to advance national rejuvenation and carrying out self-revolution and comprehensive and strict party governance (全面从严治党). It then emphasized “strengthening the comprehensive leadership of the Party” (加强党的全面领导) as a main theme of the Congress, stating that the CCDI must unite in ideology and action with the Central Committee, carrying out its judgements on party governance and understanding the protracted nature of the anti-corruption campaign. The Notice then listed and described the CCDI’s main tasks for carrying out comprehensive and strict party governance and the Party’s self-revolution: “1. Focus on persisting in and strengthening the Party’s concentrated and unified central leadership [when] strengthening political supervision; 2. Promote and improve the standardized system of the Party’s self-revolution; 3. Persist in strictly strengthening the tightening of discipline and improving party conduct (正风肃纪); 4. Resolutely win the protracted war to struggle against corruption; and 5. Continue to strengthen the self-construction (自身建设) of CCDI organs.” The Notice then discussed how CCDI organs should study, publicize, and implement the spirit of the 20th Party Congress to achieve practical results: 1. “Rapidly form a surge of study,” such as by studying primary text and commentary from the Congress and attending related classes; 2. “Thoroughly launch propaganda and interpretation [activities],” particularly focusing on topics relevant to the CCDI; 3. “Combine practice with implementation” by using the 20th Party Congress’ decisions as guidance for the CCDI’s work.
United Front Work
Wang Yang Attended the 24th Plenary Meeting of the 13th CPPCC Standing Committee
11.1 Politburo Standing Committee Member and Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) National Committee Chair Wang Yang (汪洋) attended the 24th meeting of the 13th CPPCC Standing Committee. During their speeches, all members of the CPPCC Standing Committee expressed their support of the new Central Committee with Xi Jinping as the core and voiced their agreement with the “grand blueprint” (宏伟蓝图) and important deployments (重大部署) made at the 20th Party Congress. They emphasized “seriously studying and advocating for the implementation of the spirit of the 20th Party Congress” and expressed they would “unite in struggle" (团结奋斗). The members of the Standing Committee discussed several topics including the “implementation of whole-process people’s democracy (全过程人民民主)”; using Chinese-style modernization (中国式现代化) to advance the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation; promoting innovation for “high-quality development”; uniting overseas Chinese, returned overseas Chinese, and Chinese students studying abroad; the “invigoration of the country through scientific education” and the accelerated realization of advancement, self-sufficiency, and strength in technology; and private enterprises (民营企业) working hard to “actively contribute to growth and employment.” The members also emphasized “firm opposition to Taiwan independence,” and promoting peaceful cross-strait development and integrated development. It stressed “realizing national rejuvenation and the country’s reunification at an early date.” Lastly, they emphasized continued trust in the system of “‘One Country, Two Systems” (一国两制) and to “struggle to forge new glory (新辉煌) in the cause of ‘One Country, Two Systems.’”
Central Military Commission
Central Military Commission Issues “Some Opinions on Deepening Implementation of the Chairman Responsibility System”
11.2 The Central Military Commission (CMC) issued new Opinions with the goals of “implementing the spirit of the 20th Party Congress” and promoting “higher-standard, more strict requirements” for the implementation of the CMC Chairman Responsibility System (军委主席负责制). The Opinions note that following the 18th Party Congress, the CMC issued important “political plans” and organizational arrangements; led the military to “strengthen the ‘four consciousnesses’ (四个意识), consolidate the ‘four confidences’ (四个自信), and achieve the ‘two defends’ (两个维护)”; implemented the Chairman Responsibility System; strengthened political discipline and foundation; achieved major theoretical, practical, and systemic accomplishments; provided a systemic guarantee for military reform; and “listened to Chairman Xi’s command, was responsible to Chairman Xi, and set Chairman Xi at ease.” The Opinions also include analysis on realizing the first military centenary goal and tasks for national defense and military modernization. They call for the military to “deeply understand the decisive significance of the ‘two establishes’ (两个确立)” and achieve the “two defends”; to strengthen their “political consciousness” of the Chairman Responsibility System; to implement deployments of Xi Jinping and the CMC; and to carry out their tasks well. The Opinions also put forth specific requirements for deeper implementation of the Chairman Responsibility System, particularly for high-level Party committee members and cadres.
Organization Work
10.30 Chen Yixin (陈一新) was appointed Minister of State Security.
International Work
11.2 CCP International Department (CCP/ID) Head Liu Jianchao (刘建超) met with Prime Minister of Pakistan Shehbaz Sharif.